What are the requirements to get a drivers license where you live?

I'll answer for where I grew up since I don't know what it's like here. (I just swapped my license for a local one).

I wrote a written exam to get a learners permit. Then I needed to take a driving test to get a restricted permit that didn't allow me to drive with certain stipulations (no highway driving alone, 0 blood alcohol) and then finally a second driving test where the examiner took me on the highway.